Blood Cancer Treatment: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment in India
Meta title: You Can Win the Battle against Blood Cancer.
What is blood cancer?
Cancer treatment in India is progressing and ready to take on new challenges. The surge in cancer cases in India over the previous decade is a substantial health concern. In India, 8% of newly diagnosed cancer cases are blood cancers. India faces approximately 1.5 million instances reported each year of diseases like cancer. It impacts the Indian societal layers. Overall, survival for blood cancers has increased considerably in India. The recovery rate of blood cancer in India entirely depends on early identification and prompt treatment of blood cancer.
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| Blood cancer patient |
Updated data indicates that, with blood cancer updates, India ranks third globally in blood cancer cases. India is third behind the United States and China. Globocan (Global Cancer Observatory) forecasts in their 2020 report that over 20,000 childhood blood cancers are diagnosed in India each year, with nearly 15,000 of those instances being leukaemia. Blood cancer affects 70,000 men and women in the country.
Oncologists classify three types of blood carcinoma:
- Lymphoma,
- Leukaemia, and
- Multiple Myeloma
- Lymphoma:
The body's disease-fighting system is the lymphatic system.
Lymph nodes, the spleen, the thymus gland, and bone marrow are all part of this system. Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are the two most frequent kinds of lymphoma.
- leukaemia
Blood carcinoma impairs the capacity of the blood-forming tissues. Leukaemia is a disorder of the bone marrow that damages blood-forming tissues.
Examples include acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, acute myeloid leukaemia, and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Many people with slow-growing leukaemia have no symptoms. Fatigue, weight loss, recurrent infections, and easy bleeding or bruising are all symptoms of leukaemia that are rapidly progressing.
- Multiple Myeloma:
Multiple myeloma is cancer that originates in white blood cells and plasma cells. Antibodies recognize healthy plasma cells, which produce attack pathogens to aid in the fight against illnesses. Multiple myeloma causes cancerous plasma cells to amass in the bone marrow and drive healthy blood cells away. The bone marrow contains plasma cells, a kind of white blood cell. In this situation, a cluster of plasma cells turns malignant and grows. The illness affects the bones, immune system, kidneys, and red blood cell count.
Hematologic cancer is a term formally used to refer to blood cancer. All such cancers develop in your bone marrow. When the DNA in the blood cells in your bone marrow mutates and becomes malformed, they officially diagnose you with blood cancer. When these cells split into daughter cells, the altered DNA passes to them, and the daughter cells no longer act or look like healthy blood cells. Instead, these cells prefer to congregate and disrupt or interfere with the normal functioning of blood cells.
What does India need to control the blood cancer crisis?
Blood cancer patients require bone marrow transplants to survive and live longer. Treatments for blood cancer aim to cure and prolong the lives of those diagnosed with the disease. In the Indian community, there is a shortage of information and widespread misunderstanding about bone marrow donation. If we take the appropriate steps in the early stages of blood cancer, we can avert at least 30% of the cancer burden. If we encourage proper dietary changes, medical facility expansion, and fair distribution of medicines, we can overcome the challenge of blood cancer. We should increase the awareness of education initiatives about preventing blood cancer. A valuable bone marrow donation is among the few things we can do to help the blood cancer crisis in India.
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| Blood cancer patient |
What causes leukaemia, and how can you prevent it?
According to oncologists, leukaemia develops when the DNA of white blood cells is damaged. The cancerous cells grow in the bone marrow, the usual site of blood production after infancy. This change results in the poor creation of healthy blood cells due to the replacement of the marrow with cancerous cells. These new cells are unhealthy and abnormal, live longer than normal cells, and It has an unlimited proliferating capacity. These cells reconstruct and involve space in the bone marrow to prevent healthy blood cells from spreading and operating normally. This change results in cancerous cells outnumbering healthy cells in the blood. The exact root cause of leukaemia is still unknown. Oncologists identify many factors that increase the risk of leukaemia.
- A hereditary factor in a family history of leukaemia
- Oncologists link chain-smoking to an increased risk of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML),
- Down syndrome and Fanconi's anaemia are two genetic illnesses with a lot of potential for the growth of leukaemia.
- If a patient has a fatal blood disorder, such as myelodysplastic syndrome (sometimes called pre-leukaemia),
- If a patient has received previous treatment for cancer with chemotherapy or radiation therapy,
- Direct exposure to high levels of radiation
- Prolonged exposure to chemicals such as benzene can lead to cancer.
Blood cancer is a malignancy that affects the blood, bone marrow, or lymphatic system. Experts mention some of the more prevalent blood cancer symptoms below:
- If a patient has a weakness, fatigue,
- If a patient has an issue with shortness of breath,
- In the case of minimal body strain, that results in bone cracks.
- If a patient has an excessive or easy bruising problem,
- Continue bleeding in the gums
- Recurrent infections with persistent fever
- Excessive sweating of the body at night
- Weight loss that is unintended or unintentional
- Frequent retching sensations or motion sickness
- Anorexia nervosa, or an eating disorder,
- Undue lymph node (gland) growth
- Lumps or abdominal distension due to swollen abdominal organs
- Severe abdominal pain, bone pain,
- Hysteria and confusion
- Platelet reduction will result from excessive bleeding in the gums, nostrils, and cuts.
- Continuous headaches along with optical difficulties
- The incidence of fine rashes on dark spots
- reduced urination and difficulty urinating.
What is the best treatment for blood cancer in India?
Skilled oncologists aim to prevent further cancer growth. Oncologists diagnose leukaemia or multiple myeloma, and at this stage, it may be metastatic because they can find malignant cells throughout the circulation and bone marrow. Lymphomas spread throughout the body via the lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow. Some types of leukaemia develop slowly and might not require treatment right away. The stage of cancer determines the treatment options. Several Indian hospitals provide the best blood cancer facilities for their patients. Blood cancer treatment and therapy options:
Hospitalization for blood and bone marrow cancers depends on the nature of the blood cancer. Your age, progress, and precise location decide the treatment. Prevalent blood cancer treatments for leukaemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma include:
Stem cell transplantation: A stem cell transplant provides the body with healthy blood-forming stem cells. Stem cells can be extracted from bone marrow, circulating blood, or umbilical cord blood.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses anticancer drugs to interfere with and disrupt the growth of cancer cells in the body. Chemotherapy for blood cancer may entail the administration of many medicines on a predetermined schedule. Experts may provide it before a stem cell transplant.
Radiation therapy: Oncologists prefer radiation therapy to destroy cancer cells and relieve pain and discomfort. Experts in radiation therapy recommend it before a stem cell transplant.
Targeted therapy: Targeted therapy is a treatment that involves drugs that kill malignant blood cells without harming normal cells. A potential target for this therapy would be a protein in the cancer cells. It can block the cancer cells' growth and division, preventing cells from living longer or destroying the cancer cells themselves. Target treatment comes in many forms. It is the most prominent, and experts prescribe monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule medicine.
Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy treatment activates the immune system to kill cancer cells. It can operate closely with your immune mechanism to prevent or eradicate the growth of cancer cells. Immunotherapy is administered once or twice a week for several weeks. Experts can perform immunotherapy injections into a vein for a few hours.
How does NGO help?
NGO extends its help to patients via medical crowdfunding. NGOs use innovative ways to bring health to all in India. NGO is a helpful platform for bone marrow transplants with essential healthcare support. The users of the NGO portal are those in need and those seeking help. Living with a blood cancer that badly affects your life is a painful experience for the patient and his family. A bone marrow transplant can significantly enhance a patient's quality of life, but it is an expensive cancer treatment. The estimated cost of bone marrow transplants in India is between Rs 12-15 lakhs for allogeneic transplants and Rs 8-10 lakhs for autologous transplants. Therefore, it is crucial to verify with your insurance carrier to see if they cover the entire cost of the transplant under your insurance policy.
Conclusion:
Blood cancer impacts life and is a life-changing event for the sufferer and his family. Bone marrow transplant therapy can improve a patient's quality of life, but it is a costly cancer treatment. The anticipated cost of bone marrow transplants ranges between 12-15 lakhs for allogeneic transplants and 8-10 lakhs for autologous transplants in India. NGOs assist people via medical crowdfunding. It is a beneficial platform for people who needs bone marrow transplants and requires medical assistance.
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